That's the 'electrostatic' force.
Based on the law of conservation of energy, we know that we can't create energy, machines can only convert one type of energy into another. So, if we want to improve a machines's ability then we need to reduce it's loss energy (part of energy which is useless). Out of all the options only Option C fits best with it.
In short, Your Answer would be Option C
Hope this helps!
Answer:
17. NADH has a molar extinction coefficient of 6200 M2 cm at 340 nm. Calculate the molar concentration of NADH required to obtain an absorbance of 0.1 at 340 nm in a 1-cm path length cuvette. 18. A sample with a path length of 1 cm absorbs 99.0% of the incident light at a wavelength of 274 nm, measured with respect to an appropriate solvent blank. Tyrosine is known to be the only chromophore present in the sample that has significant absorption at 274 nm. Calculate the molar concentration of tyrosine in the sample.
Explanation:
So, If the silica cyliner of the radiant wall heater is rated at 1.5 kw its temperature when operating is 1025.3 K
To estimate the operating temperature of the radiant wall heater, we need to use the equation for power radiated by the radiant wall heater.
<h3>Power radiated by the radiant wall heater</h3>
The power radiated by the radiant wall heater is given by P = εσAT⁴ where
- ε = emissivity = 1 (since we are not given),
- σ = Stefan-Boltzmann constant = 6 × 10⁻⁸ W/m²-K⁴,
- A = surface area of cylindrical wall heater = 2πrh where
- r = radius of wall heater = 6 mm = 6 × 10⁻³ m and
- h = length of heater = 0.6 m, and
- T = temperature of heater
Since P = εσAT⁴
P = εσ(2πrh)T⁴
Making T subject of the formula, we have
<h3>Temperature of heater</h3>
T = ⁴√[P/εσ(2πrh)]
Since P = 1.5 kW = 1.5 × 10³ W
Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have
T = ⁴√[P/εσ(2πrh)]
T = ⁴√[1.5 × 10³ W/(1 × 6 × 10⁻⁸ W/m²-K⁴ × 2π × 6 × 10⁻³ m × 0.6 m)]
T = ⁴√[1.5 × 10³ W/(43.2π × 10⁻¹¹ W/K⁴)]
T = ⁴√[1.5 × 10³ W/135.72 × 10⁻¹¹ W/K⁴)]
T = ⁴√[0.01105 × 10¹⁴ K⁴)]
T = ⁴√[1.105 × 10¹² K⁴)]
T = 1.0253 × 10³ K
T = 1025.3 K
So, If the silica cylinder of the radiant wall heater is rated at 1.5 kw its temperature when operating is 1025.3 K
Learn more about temperature of radiant wall heater here:
brainly.com/question/14548124
