Answer:
Crust (the surface)
Upper Mantle (dense magma)
Lower Mantle (less dense magma)
Outer Core (pure liquid material)
Inner Core (dense material)
Hope that helps
Answer:
(a) 
(b)


(c) 
Explanation:
Hello,
(a) In this case, with the given formula we easily compute the mass of gold contained in the sovereign as shown below:

(b) Now, by knowing the density of gold and copper, 19.32 and 8.94 g/cm³ respectively, we compute each volume, by also knowing that the rest of the coin contains copper:


(c) Finally, the volume is computed by dividing the total mass over the total volume containing both gold and copper:

Best regards.
Answer:
Explanation:
From the given information:
The concentration of metal ions are:
![[Ca^{2+}]= \dfrac{0.003474 \ M \times 20.49 \ mL}{10.0 \ mL}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BCa%5E%7B2%2B%7D%5D%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B0.003474%20%5C%20M%20%5Ctimes%2020.49%20%5C%20mL%7D%7B10.0%20%5C%20mL%7D)
![[Ca^{2+}]=0.007118 \ M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BCa%5E%7B2%2B%7D%5D%3D0.007118%20%5C%20M)
![[Mg^2+] = \dfrac{0.003474 \ M\times (26.23 - 20.49 )mL}{10.0 \ mL}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BMg%5E2%2B%5D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B0.003474%20%5C%20M%5Ctimes%20%2826.23%20%20-%2020.49%20%29mL%7D%7B10.0%20%5C%20mL%7D)

Mass of Ca²⁺ in 2.00 L urine sample is:

= 0.1598 g
Mass of Ca²⁺ = 159.0 mg
Mass of Mg²⁺ in 2.00 L urine sample is:

= 0.3461 g
Mass of Mg²⁺ = 346.1 mg
Answer:
2.25g of NaF are needed to prepare the buffer of pH = 3.2
Explanation:
The mixture of a weak acid (HF) with its conjugate base (NaF), produce a buffer. To find the pH of a buffer we must use H-H equation:
pH = pKa + log [A-] / [HA]
<em>Where pH is the pH of the buffer that you want = 3.2, pKa is the pKa of HF = 3.17, and [] could be taken as the moles of A-, the conjugate base (NaF) and the weak acid, HA, (HF). </em>
The moles of HF are:
500mL = 0.500L * (0.100mol/L) = 0.0500 moles HF
Replacing:
3.2 = 3.17 + log [A-] / [0.0500moles]
0.03 = log [A-] / [0.0500moles]
1.017152 = [A-] / [0.0500moles]
[A-] = 0.0500mol * 1.017152
[A-] = 0.0536 moles NaF
The mass could be obtained using the molar mass of NaF (41.99g/mol):
0.0536 moles NaF * (41.99g/mol) =
<h3>2.25g of NaF are needed to prepare the buffer of pH = 3.2</h3>