Answer:
case1.
The addition of acid and base leads to a change in pH of the water when adding to deionized water due to fact that acid and bases dissociated in dissolving in water. If the H+ ion increases in the water as acid addition hikes it, it will result in decreasing the pH value. The intensity of the acid also affects the dissociation of the ions.
case2
Buffers are normally formed by weak acid and its conjugate base, and adding acid to the buffer it absorbs the H+ ions so the pH will be lower and adding base or increase of OH- conjugate base resists the pH value to increase.
A) GPS monitoring and satellite imagery of crustal movements
Explanation:
The most recent evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics is the use of GPS monitoring and satellite imagery of crustal movements.
GPS denotes Global Positioning Systems.
Satellite imagery is a recent advancement in the study of moving plates.
- The global positioning system uses the position of a system of satellites in space to delineate positions on earth.
- It works on the principles of triangulation and this helps to fix positions of objects on the earth surface.
- With this, the change in position of the plates can be recorded by known fixed positions of objects.
- Satellite imagery helps to map changes in terrain with time.
- Images can be correlated through time and the shift in terrains delineated.
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Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is accepted by a neutral atom forming a negative ion. Chlorine has the higher electron affinity because it readily accepts an electron to become more stable. On the other hand, sodium have to give up an electron to complete its valence shell.
