Answer:
the required minimum fiber length is 0.80365 mm
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
Diameter D = 6.90 microns = 6.90 × 10⁻⁶ m
Bond strength ζ = 17 MPa
Shear yield strength ζ = 68 Mpa
tensile strength of carbon fibers = 3960 MPa.
To determine the minimum fiber length we make use of the following relation;
L = ( × D) / 2ζ
we substitute our given values into the equation;
L = ( 3960 × 6.90 × 10⁻⁶) / (2 × 17 )
L = 0.027324 / 34
L = 0.000803647 m
L = 0.000803647 × (1000) mm
L = 0.80365 mm
Therefore, the required minimum fiber length is 0.80365 mm
Answer:
Explanation:
Availability:
It define as the probability of system which perform desired task before showing any failure .
The availability can be define as follows
Or we can say that
Availability can also be express as
Where MTBF is the mean time between two failure.
MTTR is the mean time to repair.
Answer:
the highest rate of heat transfer allowed is 0.9306 kW
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
Volume = 4L = 0.004 m³
V = V
= 0.002 m³
Using Table ( saturated water - pressure table);
at pressure p = 175 kPa;
v = 0.001057 m³/kg
v = 1.0037 m³/kg
u = 486.82 kJ/kg
u 2524.5 kJ/kg
h = 2700.2 kJ/kg
So the initial mass of the water;
m₁ = V/v
+ V
/v
we substitute
m₁ = 0.002/0.001057 + 0.002/1.0037
m₁ = 1.89414 kg
Now, the final mass will be;
m₂ = V/v
m₂ = 0.004 / 1.0037
m₂ = 0.003985 kg
Now, mass leaving the pressure cooker is;
m = m₁ - m₂
m = 1.89414 - 0.003985
m = 1.890155 kg
so, Initial internal energy will be;
U₁ = mu
+ m
u
U₁ = (V/v
)u
+ (V
/v
)u
we substitute
U₁ = (0.002/0.001057)(486.82) + (0.002/1.0037)(2524.5)
U₁ = 921.135288 + 5.030387
U₁ = 926.165675 kJ
Now, using Energy balance;
E - E
= ΔE
QΔt - mh
= m₂u₂ - U₁
QΔt - mh
= m₂u
- U₁
given that time = 75 min = 75 × 60s = 4500 sec
so we substitute
Q(4500) - ( 1.890155 × 2700.2 ) = ( 0.003985 × 2524.5 ) - 926.165675
Q(4500) - 5103.7965 = 10.06013 - 926.165675
Q(4500) = 10.06013 - 926.165675 + 5103.7965
Q(4500) = 4187.690955
Q = 4187.690955 / 4500
Q = 0.9306 kW
Therefore, the highest rate of heat transfer allowed is 0.9306 kW
