<span>In an experiment, a researcher can make claims about causation if the independent variable changes because of changes made to the dependent variable. Causation works on cause and effect, so the changed independent variable is the cause and the changed dependent variable is the effect. In an experiment the independent variable is changed to determine the dependent variables value, so the two are directly related.</span>
Answer:
The value of radiation pressure is
Pa
Explanation:
Given:
Intensity

Area of piece

From the formula of radiation pressure in terms of intensity,

Where
radiation pressure,
speed of light
We know value of speed of light,

Put all values in above equation,

Pa
Therefore, the value of radiation pressure is
Pa
Answer:
The density of the woman is 950.8 kg/m³
Explanation:
Given;
fraction of the woman's volume above the surface = 4.92%
then, fraction of the woman's volume below the surface = 100 - 4.92% = 95.08%
the specific gravity of the woman 
The density of the woman is calculate as;

Density of fresh water = 1000 kg/m³
Density of the woman = 0.9508 x 1000 kg/m³
Density of the woman = 950.8 kg/m³
Therefore, the density of the woman is 950.8 kg/m³
Answer:
a) p=0, b) p=0, c) p= ∞
Explanation:
In quantum mechanics the moment operator is given by
p = - i h’ d φ / dx
h’= h / 2π
We apply this equation to the given wave functions
a) φ =
.d φ dx = i k
We replace
p = h’ k
i i = -1
The exponential is a sine and cosine function, so its measured value is zero, so the average moment is zero
p = 0
b) φ = cos kx
p = h’ k sen kx
The average sine function is zero,
p = 0
c) φ =
d φ / dx = -a 2x
.p = i a g ’2x
The average moment is
p = (p₂ + p₁) / 2
p = i a h ’(-∞ + ∞)
p = ∞
Yes because of the smoke you are creating in the air