The answer for the first question is A. Proton is the subatomic particles which adds most of the mass of an atom as well as the neutron since they have the same mass. Photon, on the other hand, is not one of the subatomic particles.
With a process called Fission. This generates heat to produce steam.
Butyl Alcohol on reaction with Oxygen produces Butyric Acid and Water.
The Balance Chemical equation is as follow,
C₄H₉OH + O₂ → C₄H₇O₂H + H₂O
Result: The equation given in statement is already balanced.