Either 175 N or 157 N depending upon how the value of 48° was measured from.
You didn't mention if the angle of 48° is from the lug wrench itself, or if it's from the normal to the lug wrench. So I'll solve for both cases and you'll need to select the desired answer.
Since we need a torque of 55 N·m to loosen the nut and our lug wrench is 0.47 m long, that means that we need 55 N·m / 0.47 m = 117 N of usefully applied force in order to loosen the nut. This figure will be used for both possible angles.
Ideally, the force will have a 0° degree difference from the normal and 100% of the force will be usefully applied. Any value greater than 0° will have the exerted force reduced by the cosine of the angle from the normal. Hence the term "cosine loss".
If the angle of 48° is from the normal to the lug wrench, the usefully applied power will be:
U = F*cos(48)
where
U = Useful force
F = Force applied
So solving for F and calculating gives:
U = F*cos(48)
U/cos(48) = F
117 N/0.669130606 = F
174.8537563 N = F
So 175 Newtons of force is required in this situation.
If the 48° is from the lug wrench itself, that means that the force is 90° - 48° = 42° from the normal. So doing the calculation again (this time from where we started plugging in values) we get
U/cos(42) = F
117/0.743144825 = F
157.4390294 = F
Or 157 Newtons is required for this case.
Explanation:
Formula which holds true for a leans with radii
and
and index refraction n is given as follows.
Since, the lens is immersed in liquid with index of refraction
. Therefore, focal length obeys the following.
and,
or,
= 32.4 cm
Using thin lens equation, we will find the focal length as follows.

Hence, image distance can be calculated as follows.


= 47.9 cm
Therefore, we can conclude that the focal length of the lens in water is 47.9 cm.
Answer:
D. Both occur between objects independently whether they are in contact or not.
Explanation:
- The gravitational force is a force that is exerted between two (or more) objects having mass. This force is always attractive and its magnitude is given by

where G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the two masses, and r is the distance between the two masses.
- The electrical force is a force that is exerted between two (or more) objects having electrical charge. It can be either attractive or repulsive, depending on the sign of the two charges, and its magnitude is given by

where k is the Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the two charges, and r the distance between the two charges.
Looking at both formulas, we see that the two forces are present even when the two objects are not in contact with each other (in fact, r can assume any value in the formula). They are said to be non-contact forces. Therefore, the correct option is
D. Both occur between objects independently whether they are in contact or not.
Trees are important because oxygen
Answer: im not sire
Explanation: very sorry im not sure