Answer:
d) It will be cut to a fourth of the original force.
Explanation:
The magnitude of the electrostatic force between the charged objects is

where
k is the Coulomb's constant
q1 and q2 are the charges of the two objects
r is the separation between the two objects
In this problem, the initial distance is doubled, so
r' = 2r
Therefore, the new electrostatic force will be

So, the force will be cut to 1/4 of the original value.
Answer:
work output is always less than work input - the ratio is less than 1.
Explanation:
This principle comes from the fact that a machine or system cannot produce more work than is supplied to it, because this would violate the energy conservation law (work is a type of mechanical energy).
In theoretical machines called "ideal machines" the input work is the same as the output work, but these machines are only theoretical because in real applications there is always some type of energy loss, either in heat produced by a machine or processes for its operation, for this reason the output work is always less than the input work.
Regarding the ratio work output to work input:

because work input WI is always greater than work output WO.
The form of energy that can move from place to place across the universe is light energy. On earth, the main source of this energy is Sun. Most of the light energy comes from the sun because it is the primary source of all the energies. The food, fossil fuels, movement of winds, etc all exists due to Sun. Without sun, there won't be any light energy on the earth. In all the processes which occur on earth has a direct or indirect involvement of light energy which comes from sun.
Answer:
A. chemical substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons
Explanation:
An element is a substance which contains identical atoms that have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
Elements are arranged in the periodic table according to their atomic number (= number of protons): so atoms of different elements have a different number of protons in their nuclei.
For a neutral atom, the number of electrons around the nucleus is also equal to the number of protons.
Moreover, atoms of the same element can have a different number of neutrons, despite having the same number of protons - these atoms are called isotopes.