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3 years ago

What are two uses of total internal reflection? (GCSE Physics)

Physics

1 answer:

jeka943 years ago

3 0

Answer:

1) Used in optical instruments such as telescopes.

2) Used to form mirages

Explanation:

1) Perhaps the simplest example of this is the astronomical refractor telescope with a right-angle eyepiece holder. Astro scopes mostly point at things high in the sky, but it is inconvenient to place your eye low to look up through the scope, so the light path is bent 90 degrees just before the eyepiece. This can be done with a mirror, but using a simple 45 degree prism (internal angles 45, 45, and 90 degrees) will do the 90 degree bend more efficiently.

2) So when a light pass from cold air to hot air light tends to bend from its path which is known as refraction. As the light get refracted it reaches to a point where the light tends to form 90 degree angle.

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The whiter the color the more young it is and the more energy it emits

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Pressure is always measured in comparison to a standard pressure. True False

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Explanation:

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3 years ago

Help greatly appreciated.

alukav5142 [94]

Answer:

If Kepler’s laws define the motion of the planets, Newton’s laws define motion. Thinking on Kepler’s laws, Newton realized that all motion, whether it was the orbit of the Moon around the Earth or an apple falling from a tree, followed the same basic principles. “To the same natural effects,” he wrote, “we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes.” Previous Aristotelian thinking, physicist Stephen Hawking has written, assigned different causes to different types of motion. By unifying all motion, Newton shifted the scientific perspective to a search for large, unifying patterns in nature. Newton outlined his laws in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (“Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy,”) published in 1687.

Law I. Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed theron.

In essence, a moving object won’t change speed or direction, nor will a still object start moving, unless some outside force acts on it. The law is regularly summed up in one word: inertia.

Law II. The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed.

Newton’s second law is most recognizable in its mathematical form, the iconic equation: F=ma. The strength of the force (F) is defined by how much it changes the motion (acceleration, a) of an object with some mass (m).

Law III. To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.

As Newton himself described: “If you press a stone with your finger, the finger is also pressed by the stone.”

Explanation:

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2 years ago

¿Quien desarrolló el método físico experimental?

Viefleur [7K]

Answer:

Explanation:

El 15 de febrero de 1564 nacía Galileo Galilei (1564-1642). Galileo Galilei es una de las figuras claves de la historia de la Ciencia, pudiéndosele considerar el primero que aplicó el método científico experimental-matemático.

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3 years ago

The great limestones caverns were formed by dripping water. If water droplets of 10 ml fall from a height of 5 m at a rate of 10

loris [4]

The average force of the water droplets is the force given by the impact

per second of the droplets on the limestone floor.

The average force exerted on the limestone floor is approximately 1.6013 × 10⁻² N

Reasons:

The given parameters are;

Volume of a droplet = 10 ml = 1 × 10⁻⁵ m³

Height from which the water falls, h = 5 meters

Rate at which the water falls = 10 per minute

Required:

The average force exerted on the floor by the water droplets.

Solution:

According to Newton's Second Law of motion, we have;

Force = Rate of change of momentum

Momentum = Mass × Velocity

Mass of a droplet of water = Volume × Density

Density of water = 997 kg/m³

Mass of a droplet = 1 × 10⁻⁵ m³ × 997 kg/m³ = 0.00997 kg

The velocity just before the droplet reaches the ground, v = √(2·g·h)

Where;

g = Acceleration due to gravity ≈ 9.81 m/s²

Which gives;

v = √(2 × 9.81 m/s² × 5 m) ≈ 9.905 m/s

The rate of change in momentum per minute = 1

Therefore;

$\displaystyle The \ rate \ of \ change \ in \ momentum = Average \ force = \mathbf{\frac{\Delta Momentum }{\Delta Time}}$

ΔMomentum = Mass × ΔVelocity

Considering the 10 drops per minute, we have;

ΔMomentum = 10 × 0.0097 kg × 9.905 m/s = 0.960785 kg·m/s

ΔTime = 1 minute = 60 seconds

Therefore;

$\displaystyle Average \ force, \, F_{ave} \frac{0.960785 \, kg\cdot m/s }{60 \, s} \approx =\mathbf{1.6013 \times 10^{-2} \, N}$

The average force exerted on the limestone floor by the droplets of water is $F_{ave}$ ≈ 1.6013 × 10⁻² N

Learn more about Newton's Second Law of motion and force exerted water here:

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2 years ago