Explanation:
Conduction is the heat transfer through a stationary matter by the physical contact.
For example, the heat transferred between electric burner of stove and bottom of pan is transferred by the process of conduction.
Convection is heat transfer by macroscopic movement of the fluid. The particles of the fluid carry the current within themselves.
For example, the water is the pot is warmed overall by heat transferred by the process of convection.
Answer:
Creating vacancies in ceramics. Consider doping ZrO₂ with small concentrations of Nb205. The valence of Nb is 5. Assume that Nb ions sit in Zr ion sites
a. A substitutional defect will be produced.
b. With this dopping, the Nb increases electron band conduction and decreases oxygen anion conduction in ZrO₂.
Explanation:
(a) The defect produced by dopping a little concentration of Nb₂O5 with Nb in the +5 charge state is known as a substitutional defect.
(b) With this dopping, the Nb increases electron band conduction and decreases oxygen anion conduction in ZrO₂.
Moreover, if oxygen vacancies are rate-limiting defect, the corrosion of ZrO₂ decreases and if electrons are rate-limiting then the corrosion of ZrO₂ is accelerated.
Answer:
ρ=962.16kg/m^3
Explanation:
The first thing we must do to solve is to find the mass of the specimen using the weight equation
w = mg
m=w/g
m=0.45/9.81=0.04587kg
To find the volume we must make a free-body diagram on the specimen, taking into account that the weight will go down and the buoyant force up, and the result of that subtraction will be the measured weight value (0.081N).
We must bear in mind that the principle of archimedes indicates that the buoyant force is given by
F = ρgV
where V is the specimen volume and ρ is the density of alcohol = 789kg / m ^ 3
considering the above we have the following equation
0.081=0.45-(789)(9.81m/s^2)V
solving for V
V=(0.081-0.45)/(-789x9.81)
V=4.7673x10^-5m^3
finally we found the density
ρ=m/v
ρ=0.04587kg/4.7673x10^-5m^3
ρ=962.16kg/m^3
Answer:
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