Solution: Sentence D is a scientific statement.
Scientific statement is a statement that defines the science behind any situation. There should be any experimental result or observation to state any scientific statement. Also, the statement should be accepted by considering other scientific aspects.
Here, statement A can not be a scientific statement as different aromas of cooked food are liked by different people. Any one can find aroma of cooked food in copper better than the ceramic pot.
Thus, the statement can be proved wrong easily.
Statement B can not be a scientific statement as people can find the taste of normal water (without ice cubes) better than the ice cold water.
Statement C is not a scientific statement as there is no science behind watching baseball or ice hockey, it depends on the liking of today's people.
Statement D is a scientific statement because this can be scientifically proved.
1 gallon of antifreeze = 60% of mixture. Total mixture:
Vm = 1/0.6
= 1.67 gallons
Volume of water = total vol - antifreeze vol
= 1.67 - 1
= 0.67 gallon of water
<h3><u>Full Question:</u></h3>
The following compound has been found effective in treating pain and inflammation (J. Med. Chem. 2007, 4222). Which sequence correctly ranks each carbonyl group in order of increasing reactivity toward nucleophilic addition?
A) 1 < 2 < 3
B) 2 < 3 < 1
C) 3 < 1 < 2
D) 1 < 3 < 2
<h3><u>Answer: </u></h3>
The rate of nucleophilic attack of carbonyl compounds is 2<3 <1.
Option B
<h3><u>Explanation. </u></h3>
Nucleophilic attack is explained as the attack of an electron rich radical to a carbonyl compound like aldehyde or a ketone. A nucleophile has a high electron density, so it searches for a electropositive atom where it can donate a portion of its electron density and become stable.
A carbonyl compound is a
hybridized carbon atom with a double bonded oxygen atom in it. The oxygen atom pulls a huge portion of electron density from carbon being very electropositive.
In a ketone, there are two factors that make it less likely to undergo a nucleophilic attack than aldehyde. Firstly, the steric hindrance of two carbon groups being attached with the carbonyl carbon makes it harder for the nucleophile to approach. Secondly, the electron push by the carbon groups attached makes the carbonyl carbon a bit less electropositive than the aldehyde one. So aldehydes are more reactive towards a nucleophilic addition reaction.