When four atomic orbitals are mixed to form hybrid orbitals, 4 x sp3
hybrid orbitals are formed.
<span>Carbon's 2s and all three of its 3p </span>orbitals<span> hybridize to form four sp</span>3 orbitals. These orbitals<span> then bond with four hydrogen atoms through sp</span>3-s <span>orbital </span>overlap, creating methane.
When atomic orbitals are combined, hybrid orbitals are formed. Hybrid orbitals exist only in covalent-bonded atoms and not in isolated atoms. The shapes and orientations of hybrids are different from that of atomic orbitals. The number of hybrid orbitals is same as the number of atomic orbitals that combined to form atomic orbitals. Thus, when 4 atomic orbitals are mixed then 4 hybrid orbitals are formed.
The movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature is called heat. When a substance is heated, it gains thermal energy. Therefore, its particles move faster and its temperature rises.
Explanation: The <em>Independent</em> variable is sometimes called the "manipulative" because it refers to a quantity that is changed by the experimenter.
