9. A 227 kg object is moved a distance of 2.4 m forward by a force. If 686 J of work is done on the object, what is the object’s
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Answer:
Explanation:
This is a problem easily solve using energy conservation. As there are no non-conservative forces, we know that the energy is conserved.
When the spring is compressed downward, the spring has elastic potential energy. When the spring is relaxed, there is no elastic potential energy, but the pellet will have gained gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. Lets see what are the terms for each of this.
<h3>Elastic potential energy</h3>We know that a spring following Hooke's Law has a elastic potential energy:
where is the displacement from the relaxed length and k is the spring's constant.
To obtain the spring's constant, we know that Hooke's law states that the force made by the spring is :
as we need 9.12 N to compress 4.60 cm, this means:
So, the elastic energy of the compressed spring is:
And when the spring is relaxed, the elastic potential energy will be zero.
<h3>Gravitational potential energy</h3>To see how much gravitational potential energy will the pellet win, we can use
where m is the mass of the pellet, g is the acceleration due to gravity and \Delta h is the difference in height.
Taking all this together, the gravitational potential energy when the spring is relaxed will be:
We know that the kinetic energy for a mass m moving at speed v is:
so, for the pellet will be
By conservation of energy, we know:
So