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3 years ago

12

How much heat must be added to make a 5g substance with a specific heat of 2 J/gC that has its temperature go up 10 degrees? Q =

m•C•ΔT

1 answer:

zlopas [31]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

100 Joule

Explanation:

Amount of heat in agiven body is given by Q = m•C•ΔT

where m is the mass of the body

c is the specific heat capacity of body. It is the amount of heat stored in 1 unit weight of body which raises raises the temperature of body by 1 unit of temperature.

ΔT is the change in the temperature of body

___________________________________________

coming back to problem

m = 5g

C = 2J/gC

since, it is given that temperature of body increases by 10 degrees, thus

ΔT = 10 degrees

Using the formula for heat as given

Q = m•C•ΔT

Q = 5* 2 * 10 Joule= 100 Joule

Thus, 100 joule heat must be added to a 5g substance with a specific heat of 2 J/gC to raise its temperature go up by 10 degrees.

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If a hot steel tool of 1200°C was put in a bucket to cool and the bucket contained 15L of water of 15°C, and the water temperatu

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<h3>Explanation</h3>

How much heat does the hot steel tool release?

This value is the same as the amount of heat that the 15 liters of water has absorbed.

Temperature change of water:

$\Delta T = T_2 - T_1= 48\; \textdegree{\text{C}}- 15\; \textdegree{\text{C}} = 33 \; \textdegree{\text{C}}$ .

Volume of water:

$V = 15 \; \text{L} = 15 \; \text{dm}^{3} = 15 \times 10^{3} \; \text{cm}^{3}$ .

Mass of water:

$m = \rho \cdot V = 1.00 \; \text{g} \cdot \text{cm}^{-3} \times 15 \times 10^{3} \; \text{cm}^{3} = 15 \times 10^{3} \; \text{g}$ .

Amount of heat that the 15 L water absorbed:

$Q = c\cdot m \cdot \Delta T = 4.18 \; \text{J} \cdot \text{g}^{-1} \cdot \textdegree{\text{C}}^{-1} \times 15 \times 10^{3} \; \text{g} \times 33 \; \textdegree{\text{C}} = 2.06910 \times 10^{6}\; \text{J}$ .

What's the mass of the hot steel tool?

The specific heat of carbon steel is $0.49 \; \text{J} \cdot \text{g}^{-1} \cdot \textdegree{\text{C}}^{-1}$ .

The amount of heat that the tool has lost is the same as the amount of heat the 15 L of water absorbed. In other words,

$Q(\text{absorbed}) = Q(\text{released}) =2.06910 \times 10^{6}\; \text{J}$ .

$\Delta T = T_2 - T_1 = 1200\; \textdegree{\text{C}} -{\bf 48}\; \textdegree{\text{C}} = 1152\; \textdegree{\text{C}}$ .

$m = \dfrac{Q}{c\cdot \Delta T} = \dfrac{2.06910 \times 10^{6} \; \text{J}}{0.49\; \text{J} \cdot \text{g}^{-1} \cdot \textdegree{\text{C}}^{-1} \times 1152\; \textdegree{\text{C}}} = 3.6 \times 10^{3} \; \text{g} = 3.6 \; \text{kg}$ .

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What determines how much induced current will flow through a conductor?

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A 6.0-kilogram block, sliding to the east across a horizontal, frictionless surface with a momentum of 30.0 kilogram · meters pe

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The final speed of the block after the collision with the obstacle is $\boxed{3.33\,{{\text{m}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{\text{m}} {\text{s}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}}$ .

Further Explanation:

Given:

The mass of the block is $6.0\,{\text{kg}}$ .

The initial momentum of the block is $30\,{{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} {\text{s}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}$ .

The impulse imparted by the obstacle is $10\,{\text{N}} \cdot {\text{s}}$ .

Concept:

The block is sliding towards east and the impulse imparted by the obstacle is towards the obstacle is towards west on the block. It means that the impulse exerted by the obstacle will reduce the momentum of the block.

According to the impulse momentum theorem, the rate of change of momentum of the body is equal to the impulse imparted to the body.

The expression for the impulse momentum theorem is.

${p_f} - p{ & _i} = I$ …… (1)

Substitute $30\,{{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} {\text{s}}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}$ for ${p_i}$ and $- 10\,{\text{N}} \cdot {\text{s}}$ for $I$ in equation (1).

$\begin{aligned}{p_f} &= - 10\,{\text{N}} \cdot {\text{s}} + 30\,{{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} {\text{s}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}} \\&= 20\,{{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{{\text{kg}} \cdot {\text{m}}} {\text{s}}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}\\\end{aligned}$

The final momentum of the block can be expressed as:

${p_f} = m{v_f}$ …… (2)

Substitute $20\text{kg}\;\text{m/s}$ for ${p_f}$ and $6.0\,{\text{kg}}$ for $m$ in equation (2).

$\begin{aligned}20 &= 6 \times {v_f} \\ {v_f}&= \frac{{20}}{6}\,{{\text{m}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{\text{m}} {\text{s}}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}\\&= 3.33\,{{\text{m}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{\text{m}} {\text{s}}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}} \\ \end{aligned}$

Thus, the final speed of the block after the collision with the obstacle is $\boxed{3.33\;\text{m/s}}$ .

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Impulse-momentum theorem

Subject: Physics

Keywords: Impulse, imparted, obstacle, speed, momentum, the obstacle, impulse-momentum theorem, frictionless surface, speed of block after collision.

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