Which electron configuration of the 4f energy sublevel is most stable?
1 answer:
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→ 
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Explanation:
Ethanol can be oxidized to ethanal or acetaldehyde which is further oxidized to acid that is acetic acid.
→
[oxidation by loss of hydrogen]
- An oxidizing agent potassium dichromate(VI) solution is used to remove the hydrogen from the ethanol.
- An oxidizing agent used along with dilute sulphuric acid for acidification.
Acetaldehyde can also be reduced back to ethanol again by adding hydrogen to it by using a reducing agent that is sodium tetrahydro borate, NaBH4.
- The oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids can be done by the two-step process.
- In the first step, one molecule of water is added in the presence of a catalyst that is acidic.
- There is a generation of a hydrate. (geminal 1,1-diol).
→
[reduction by the gain of electrons]
Here, the oxidizing agent used is in the presence of acetone.
Answer:
2.01V ( To three significant digits)
Explanation:
First we show the standard reduction potentials of Cu2+(aq)/Cu(s) system and Al3+(aq)/Al(s) system. We can clearly see from the balanced redox reaction equation that aluminium is the anode and was the oxidized specie while copper is the cathode and was the reduced specie. This observation is necessary when substituting values of concentration into the Nernst equation.
The next thing to do is to obtain the standard cell potential as shown in the image attached and subsequently substitute values of concentration and standard cell potential into the Nernst equation as shown. This gives the cell potential under the given conditions.
