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Law Incorporation [45]
3 years ago
13

Consider the resonance structures for the carbonate ion. carbonate is a carbon double bonded to an oxygen with two lone pairs an

d single bonded to two oxygens, each with three lone pairs and a negative charge. The three resonance structures are all equivalent. How much negative charge is on each oxygen of the carbonate ion? 0 −1.33 −0.33 −0.67 −0.50 −2.00 −1.00 −1.67 −1.50 What is the bond order of each carbon‑oxygen bond in the carbonate ion?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Bumek [7]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The correct answers are: <u>Each oxygen of carbonate ion has -2/3 or -0.67 charge.</u>

<u>Bond order of each carbon‑oxygen bond in the carbonate ion</u> = <u>1.33</u>

Explanation:

The carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻) is an organic compound, in which a carbon atom is covalently bonded to three oxygen atoms. The net formal charge on a carbonate ion is −2.

The carbonate ion is <u>resonance stabilized</u> and has three equivalent resonating structures, which exhibits that all the three carbon-oxygen bonds in a carbonate ion are equivalent.

In the resonance hybrid of carbonate ion,<u> the negative charge is equally delocalized on all the three oxygen atoms. </u>

<u>Thus, each bonded oxygen has -2/3 or -0.67 charge.</u>

<u />

In a carbonate ion there is one double bond oxygen (C=O) and two single bonded oxygen (C-O). Bond order of 1 C=O is 2 and bond order of C-O is 1.

∴ <u>Bond order</u> = sum of all bond orders ÷ number of bonding groups = (2+1+1) ÷ 3 = <u>1.33</u>

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The oxidation state of phosphorus is +3 in
IgorC [24]

Answer:

b) Phosphorus acid

Explanation:

To distinguish the type of acid of phosphorus with the oxidation state of +3, we need to be familiar with the chemical formula of each of the compounds:

    Orthophosphoric acid             H₃PO₄

    Phosphorus acid                       H₃PO₃

    Metaphosphoric acid               HPO₃

    Phyrophosphoric acid​               H₄P₂O₇

Now that we know the formula of the given compounds, the algebraic sum of all the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a neutral compound is zero:

Only phosphorus acid yielded an oxidation state of +3 for phosphorus in the compound.

  H₃PO₃:

   we know the oxidation state of H = +1

                                                          O = -2

         The oxidation state of P is unknown. We can express this as an equation:

                3(+1) + P + 3(-2) = 0

                    3 + P -6 = 0

                          P-3 = 0

                          P = +3

6 0
3 years ago
A sample of nitrogen occupies 10.0 liters at 25°C and 98.7 kPa. What would be the volume at 20°C and 102.7 kPa?
krek1111 [17]
To solve the problem, we assume the sample to be ideal. Then, we use the ideal gas equation which is expressed as PV = nRT. From the first condition of the nitrogen gas sample, we calculate the number of moles.

n = PV / RT
n = (98.7x 10^3 Pa x 0.01 m^3) / (8.314 Pa m^3/ mol K) x 298.15 K
n = 0.40 mol N2

At the second condition, the number of moles stays the same however pressure and temperature was changed. So, the new volume is calculated as follows:

V = nRT / P
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7 0
3 years ago
Hello,
nikitadnepr [17]

Answer:

a)\ 2FeSO4 \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} SO_3+SO_2+Fe_2O_3\\b)\ Decomposition\ Reaction

Explanation:

<em>Ferrous Sulphate</em>(FeSO4)<em> is generally found as Lime-Green Crystals. On heating, these crystals almost immediately turn white-yellow. They then, break down to produce an anhydrous mixture of Sulphur Trioxide </em>(SO_3)<em>, Sulphur Dioxide </em>(SO_2)<em>  as well as Ferric Oxide </em>(Fe_2O_3)<em>.</em>

<em>We can hence, frame a skeletal equation of this reaction and try to balance it.</em>

<em>Hence,</em>

FeSO4 \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} SO_3+SO_2+Fe_2O_3

<em>Now,</em>

<em>a)In order to balance it through the 'Hit &Trial Method', we'll follow a series of </em><em>steps</em><em>:</em>

<em>1. First, lets compare the number of  Fe (Iron) atoms on the RHS and LHS. We find that, the no. of Fe Atoms on the RHS is twice the number of Fe Atoms on the LHS. We hence, add a co-effecient 2 beside </em>FeSO_4.

<em>2. Now, Iron atoms, Sulphur Atoms and Oxygen atoms occur 2, 2, 8 respectively on both the sides:</em>

<em> Hence, As all the other elements as well as iron, balance, we've arrived upon our Balanced Equation :</em>

<em> </em>2FeSO4 \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} SO_3+SO_2+Fe_2O_3

<em>b) We know that, decomposition reactions are [generally] endothermic reactions in which Large Compounds </em><em>decompose </em><em>into smaller elements and compounds. Here, as Ferrous Sulphate </em><em>decomposes </em><em>into Sulphur Dioxide, Sulphur Trioxide and Ferric Oxide, the reaction that occurs here is </em><em>Decomposition Reaction.</em>

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It’s a 50 50 chance unless one parent has a dominate gene
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The two main classes of mixtures are
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Homogeneous or heterogeneous, Hope this helps!!
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