Answer:
0.58
Explanation:
Sinẞ = opposite ÷ hypotenuse
Sinẞ = 5 ÷ 8.6
Sinẞ = 0.5814
Sinẞ ≈ 0.58
Answer:
Part a: When the road is level, the minimum stopping sight distance is 563.36 ft.
Part b: When the road has a maximum grade of 4%, the minimum stopping sight distance is 528.19 ft.
Explanation:
Part a
When Road is Level
The stopping sight distance is given as

Here
- SSD is the stopping sight distance which is to be calculated.
- u is the speed which is given as 60 mi/hr
- t is the perception-reaction time given as 2.5 sec.
- a/g is the ratio of deceleration of the body w.r.t gravitational acceleration, it is estimated as 0.35.
- G is the grade of the road, which is this case is 0 as the road is level
Substituting values

So the minimum stopping sight distance is 563.36 ft.
Part b
When Road has a maximum grade of 4%
The stopping sight distance is given as

Here
- SSD is the stopping sight distance which is to be calculated.
- u is the speed which is given as 60 mi/hr
- t is the perception-reaction time given as 2.5 sec.
- a/g is the ratio of deceleration of the body w.r.t gravitational acceleration, it is estimated as 0.35.
- G is the grade of the road, which is given as 4% now this can be either downgrade or upgrade
For upgrade of 4%, Substituting values

<em>So the minimum stopping sight distance for a road with 4% upgrade is 528.19 ft.</em>
For downgrade of 4%, Substituting values

<em>So the minimum stopping sight distance for a road with 4% downgrade is 607.59 ft.</em>
As the minimum distance is required for the 4% grade road, so the solution is 528.19 ft.
To solve this problem we will apply the concepts related to the momentum.
This is defined as the product between the change in velocity and the mass of the object, that is


Where,
m = mass
Final velocity
Initial velocity
Our values are given as,
m = 14kg
= 11m/s
<em>the negative Symbol implies that the direction is opposite to the initial one and therefore there is also a change in the sense of magnitude</em>



The negative symbol indicates that the momentum has a direction opposite to that of the initial velocity. Or failing that, it has the same direction of the final speed