<span>Heat transfer between two substances is affected by specific heat and the "Temperature difference between them"
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See this. I hope you find your answer
Answer:
Let the second medium be air (n₁=1)
The refractive index n₂ of the medium where first medium is air is found (a)
(a) n₂ = 2
Explanation:
Critical angle can be defined as the angle of incidence that provides the angle of refraction of 90°.
Refractive index of a medium can be defined as a number that describes that how fast a light will travel through that medium.
Critical angle and Refractive index are related by:


To find refractive index of medium with respect to air, substitute n₁=1 (Refractive index of air is 1)
Also θ(critical)=30°
Find n₂ :

Answer:
The farther star will appear 4 times fainter than the star that is near to the observer.
Explanation:
Since it is given that the luminosity of the 2 stars is same thus they radiate the same energy per unit time
Consider a spherical wave front of energy 'E' that leaves both the stars (Both radiate 'E' as they have same luminosity)
This Energy is spread over the whole surface area of sphere Thus when the wave front is at a distance 'r' the energy per unit surface area is given by

For the star that is twice away from the earth the distance is '2r' thus we will receive an energy given by
Hence we sense it as 4 times fainter than the nearer star.