The phosphate group contribute the following functional features to the structure of phospholipids:
1. Negative charge to interact with water.
2. Place to attach another small molecule.
The phosphate group is made up of four atoms of oxygen which are attached to one atom of phosphorus. This molecule has a net negative charge of -3. In the phospholipid molecule, the phosphate enhanced the polarity of the phospholipid head by mean of its negative charge which react with water. Phosphate group also provide a point where other small molecules such as alcohol, serine, etc can be attached.
As you climb it decreases
Answer:
The change in entropy is -1083.112 joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
Explanation:
If the water is cooled reversibly with no phase changes, then there is no entropy generation during the entire process. By the Second Law of Thermodynamics, we represent the change of entropy (
), in joules per gram-Kelvin, by the following model:

(1)
Where:
- Mass, in kilograms.
- Specific heat of water, in joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
,
- Initial and final temperatures of water, in Kelvin.
If we know that
,
,
and
, then the change in entropy for the entire process is:


The change in entropy is -1083.112 joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
Answer:
1)Na2O
let the valency of Na is x
2(x)+(2)=0
2x+2=0
2x=-2
x=-1
2)ZnO
let the valency of Zn is x
x+2=0
x=-2
3)Al2O3
let the valency of Al is x
2(x)+3(2)=0
2x+6=0
2x=-6
x=-3
4)MgO
let the valency of Mg is x
x+2=0
x=-2