Longitudinal, because the sound can only travel at one direction
Answer:
-0.912 m/s
Explanation:
When the package is thrown out, momentum is conserved. The total momentum after is the same as the total momentum before, which is 0, since the boat was initially at rest.
where 
are the mass of the child, the boat and the package, respectively. 
are the velocity of the package and the boat after throwing.
Based on the law of conservation of energy, we know that we can't create energy, machines can only convert one type of energy into another. So, if we want to improve a machines's ability then we need to reduce it's loss energy (part of energy which is useless). Out of all the options only Option C fits best with it.
In short, Your Answer would be Option C
Hope this helps!
If your engine is not at the right temprature, usually when it is too hot.
The bag moves to the left.
This is because of Newton's third law of motion that states:
For every action force on a body, there is an opposite and equal reaction force.
Thus pushing the bag from the right makes it move to the left.
