The northern lights are shafts or curtains of colorful light that occasionally appear in the night sky. They are one of the numerous astronomical phenomena known as polar lights (aurora Polaris).This phenomenon may be observed in mars.
Earth's magnetic field directs electrons and protons from the sun to the poles, where they excite atmospheric gas molecules and cause them to glow, resulting in the aurora borealis and aurora australis, two nocturnal light displays. You might refer to it as the aurora Universalis on Mars. This is because Mars does not direct the energetic particles from the sun to its poles since it lacks an internal magnetic field. Today, researchers utilizing the MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) spacecraft find evidence for an aurora that may potentially cover the whole nightside of the planet. Venus lacks a magnetic field, thus it would not experience the same kind of nighttime aurora that we do.
To know more about aurora borealis go here:-
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The ability to sustain life
(ie water, shelter, food, basic needs)
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Answer: (a) Z-score are 1 and -1.2 for northern and southern regions, respectively.
Explanation: <u>Z-score</u> is how many standard deviations a data is from the population mean or how far a data point is from the mean.
The z-score is calculated by the following:

where
x is the data point
μ is population mean
σ is standard deviation
For the <u>northern</u> <u>region</u> birds:
μ = 10, σ = 3, x = 13

z = 1
The z-score for birds living in the northern region is 1, which means it is 1 standard deviation <em>above the mean</em>.
For the southern region:
μ = 16, σ = 2.5, x = 13

z = -1.2
The z-score for southern living birds is -1.2, meaning it is 1.2 standard deviations <em>below the mean</em>.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Due to equal pressure in all the direction at a particular level in a fluid medium (Pascal's Law)
Explanation:
We are not crushed by the weight of the atmosphere because atmosphere is a fluid and we are immersed into it. So, according to the Pascal's law the the pressure a each point in a horizontal level is equal in all the direction irrespective of the orientation of a body.
Variation of pressure in term of the height of a fluid medium is given as:

 density of fluid
density of fluid
g = acceleration due to gravity
h = height of the free surface of the fluid from the immersed object.
- And atmosphere has very less variation of pressure with change in height as it is a rare medium fluid and so for a human height there is very negligible variation of pressure at the heat of a human with respect to his toe.