- rocket science
- automotive research
- space research
When light passes from one medium to another, part of it continues on
into the new medium, while the rest of it bounces away from the boundary,
back into the first medium.
The part of the light that continues on into the new medium is <em>transmitted</em>
light. Its forward progress at any point in its journey is <em>transmission</em>.
Its direction usually changes as it crosses the boundary. The bending is <em>
refraction</em>.
The part of the light that bounces away from the boundary and heads back
into the first medium is <em>reflected</em> light. The process of bouncing is <em>reflection</em>.
The speed of sound in fresh water is 1482m/s.
It says ocean floor, so we should a little bit more accurate, and use the fact that the speed of sound in salt water (that has no bubbles) is 1560m/s.
speed = distance / time
Therefore Distance = speed x time = 1560 x 3.3 = 5158m
The sonar wave is sent out by the boat, reflected off the seafloor, and then is received back at the boat on the surface. So the distance 5148m is the distance from the boat to the sea bottom and then back up to the boat again.
So the depth of the water is half this distance Depth of water = 5148/2=2574m
