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dybincka [34]
3 years ago
14

An atom has 33 protons, 41 neutrons, and 36 electrons. What is a correct description of the atom?

Chemistry
2 answers:
ycow [4]3 years ago
8 0
The atom has a atomic number of 33 and its atomic mass is 74. (because 33+41=74)
kotykmax [81]3 years ago
4 0

<u>Answer:</u> The symbol of the anion is As^{3-}

<u>Explanation:</u>

Atomic number is defined as the number of electrons or number of protons that are present in a neutral atom. It is represented as Z.

Z = Atomic number = Number of electrons = Number of protons

Mass number is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons present in an atom. It is represented as A.

A = Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

We are given:

Number of protons = 33

Number of neutrons = 41

Number of electrons = 36

As, the number of electrons are more than the number of protons. This means that this atom that is negatively charged species known as anion.

The element having atomic number as 33 is Arsenic.

The symbol of the anion is As^{3-}

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A 50.0 mL solution of 0.129 M KOH is titrated with 0.258 M HCl. Calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of each of t
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A- pH = 13.12

B- pH = 12.91

C- pH = 12.71

D- pH = 12.43

E- pH = 11.55

F- pH = 7

G- pH = 2.46

H- pH = 1.88

Explanation:

This is a titration of a strong base with a strong acid. The neutralization reaction is: KOH (aq) + HCl (aq) →  H₂O(l) + KCl(aq)

Our pH at the equivalence point is 7, because we have made a neutral salt.

To determine the volume at that point we state the formula for titration:

mmoles of base = mmoles of acid

Volume of base  . M of base = Volume of acid . M of acid

50mL . 0.129M = 0.258 M . Volume of acid

Volume of acid = (50mL . 0.129M) / 0.258 M →  25 mL (Point <u>F</u>)

When we add 25 mL of HCl, our pH will be 7.

A- At 0 mL of acid, we only have base.

KOH → K⁺ + OH⁻

[OH⁻] = 0.129 M

To make more easy the operations we will use, mmol.

mol . 1000 = mmoles → mmoles / mL = M

- log 0.129 = 0.889

14 - 0.889 = 13.12

B-  In this case we are adding, (7 mL . 0.258M) = 1.81 mmoles of H⁺

Initially we have  0.129 M . 50 mL = 6.45 mmoles of OH⁻

1.81 mmoles of H⁺ will neutralize, the 6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ so:

6.45 mmol - 1.81 = 4.64 mmoles of OH⁻

This mmoles of OH⁻ are not at 50 mL anymore, because our volume has changed. (Now, we have 50 mL of base + 7 mL of acid) = 57 mL of total volume.

[OH⁻] = 4.64 mmoles / 57 mL = 0.0815 M

- log 0.0815 M = 1.09 → pOH

pH = 14 - pOH → 14 - 1.09 = 12.91

C- In this case we add (12.5 mL . 0.258M) = 3.22 mmoles of H⁺

<em>Our initial mmoles of OH⁻ would not change through all the titration. </em>

Then 6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ are neutralized by 3.22 mmoles of H⁺.

6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ - 3.22 mmoles of H⁺ = 3.23 mmoles of OH⁻

Total volume is: 50 mL of base + 12.5 mL = 62.5 mL

[OH⁻] = 3.23 mmol / 62.5 mL = 0.0517 M

- log  0.0517 = 1.29 → pOH

14 - 1.11 = 12.71

D- We add (18 mL . 0.258M) = 4.64 mmoles of H⁺

6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ are neutralized by 4.64 mmoles of H⁺.

6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ - 4.64 mmoles of H⁺ = 1.81 mmoles of OH⁻

Total volume is: 50 mL of base + 18 mL = 68 mL

[OH⁻] = 1.81 mmol / 68 mL = 0.0265 M

- log  0.0265 = 1.57 → pOH

14 - 1.57 = 12.43

E- We add (24 mL . 0.258M) = 6.19 mmoles of H⁺

6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ are neutralized by 6.19 mmoles of H⁺.

6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ - 6.19 mmoles of H⁺ = 0.26 mmoles of OH⁻

Total volume is: 50 mL of base + 24 mL = 74 mL

[OH⁻] = 0.26 mmol / 74 mL = 3.51×10⁻³ M

- log  3.51×10⁻³  = 2.45 → pOH

14 - 2.45 = 11.55

F- This the equivalence point.

mmoles of OH⁻ = mmoles of H⁺

We add (25 mL . 0.258M) = 6.45 mmoles of H⁺

All the OH⁻ are neutralized.

OH⁻  +  H⁺  ⇄   H₂O              Kw

[OH⁻] = √1×10⁻¹⁴   →  1×10⁻⁷  →  pOH = 7

pH → 14 - 7 = 7

G- In this case we have an excess of H⁻

We add (26 mL . 0.258M ) = 6.71 mmoles of H⁺

We neutralized all the OH⁻ but some H⁺ remain after the equilibrium

6.71 mmoles of H⁺ - 6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ = 0.26 mmoles of H⁺

[H⁺] = 0.26 mmol / Total volume

Total volume is: 50 mL + 26 mL → 76 mL

[H⁺] = 0.26 mmol / 76 mL → 3.42×10⁻³ M

- log 3.42×10⁻³ = 2.46 → pH

H- Now we add (29 mL . 0.258M) = 7.48 mmoles of H⁺

We neutralized all the OH⁻ but some H⁺ remain after the equilibrium

7.48 mmoles of H⁺ - 6.45 mmoles of OH⁻ = 1.03 mmoles of protons

Total volume is 50 mL + 29 mL = 79 mL

[H⁺] = 1.03 mmol / 79 mL → 0.0130 M

- log 0.0130 = 1.88 → pH

After equivalence point, pH will be totally acid, because we always have an excess of protons. Before the equivalence point, pH is basic, because we still have OH⁻ and these hydroxides, will be neutralized through the titration, as we add acid.

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