An acid is a substance that interacts with water to produce excess hydroxonium ions, H₃O⁺ in an aqueous solution.
The hydroxonium ions formed by the chemical bonding between the oxygen of water molecules and the protons released by the acid due to its excess ionization.
For example:
HCl + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻
acid water hydroxonium chloride
A base is a substance that interacts with water to yield excess hydroxide ions, OH⁻ in an aqueous solutions:
NH₃ + H₂O ⇄ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻
Ammonia water ammonium hydroxide
These explanations are based on the arrhenius theory.
Assuming that the three charges can be taken as point charges, the forces between them must obey Coulomb's Law, and can be found independent each other, applying the superposition principle.
So, we can find the force that q₁ exerts along the x-axis on q₃, as follows:
b)
Since total force exerted by q₁ and q₂ on q₃ is 49.0 μN, we can find the force exerted only by q₂ (which is along the x-axis only too) just by difference, as follows:
c)
Finally, in order to find the value of q₂, as we know the value and sign of F₃₂, we can apply again the Coulomb's Law, solving for q₂, as follows:
they meet from the girl's original position at: 2.37 (meters)
Explanation:
We need to use the Newton's law, exactly the second law that relate force, mass and acceleration as: with this we can get both accelerations; solving for acceleration . Now and. Then knowing that they both travel at the same time and assuming that the distance among the girl and the sled is: 15.0-x, so, and, solving for the time we get: and with this equations we solving for the x that is the distance between the girl and the sled after the apply the force and we get:. Finally we get: and replacing the values we have got: so so x=2.37 (meters).