Explanation:
12) q = mCΔT
125,600 J = (500 g) (4.184 J/g/K) (T − 22°C)
T = 82.0°C
13) Solving for ΔT:
ΔT = q / (mC)
a) ΔT = 1 kJ / (0.4 kg × 0.45 kJ/kg/K) = 5.56°C
b) ΔT = 2 kJ / (0.4 kg × 0.45 kJ/kg/K) = 11.1°C
c) ΔT = 2 kJ / (0.8 kg × 0.45 kJ/kg/K) = 5.56°C
d) ΔT = 1 kJ / (0.4 kg × 0.90 kJ/kg/K) = 2.78°C
e) ΔT = 2 kJ / (0.4 kg × 0.90 kJ/kg/K) = 5.56°C
f) ΔT = 2 kJ / (0.8 kg × 0.90 kJ/kg/K) = 2.78°C
14) q = mCΔT
q = (2000 mL × 1 g/mL) (4.184 J/g/K) (80°C − 20°C)
q = 502,000 J
20) q = mCΔT
q = (2000 g) (4.184 J/g/K) (100°C − 15°C) + (400 g) (0.9 J/g/K) (100°C − 15°C)
q = 742,000 J
24) q = mCΔT
q = (0.10 g) (0.14 J/g/K) (8.5°C − 15°C)
q = -0.091 J
Answer:
The distance that you marginally able to discern that there are two headlights rather than a single light source is 6.084 km
Explanation:
Given:
d = distance = 0.679 m
λ = wavelength of the light = 537 nm = 537x10⁻⁹m
dp = pupil diameter = 4.81 mm = 0.00481 m
Question: What distance, in kilometers, are you marginally able to discern that there are two headlights rather than a single light source, dx = ?
For the separation of the peak from the central maximum it is:

In this case, the two small sources of the headlights have the same angle as the images that form inside the eye

Zero latitude gets the most direct sun all year around. That's the equator.
The picture you attached has nothing to do with this question.
I think that it’s the first one