1) <span>A solar eclipse that occurs when the new moon is too far from earth to completely cover the sun can be either a partial solar eclipse or an -->
Answer: ANULAR ECLIPSE. Since the moon is too far, it will cover only a part of the sun, and only the external ring of the moon will be visible; this is called anular eclipse.
2) </span><span>anyone looking from the night side of earth can, in principle, see a -->
Answer: LUNAR ECLIPSE. If the moon is the right position, and the Earth's shadow covers partially or totally the moon, then a lunar eclipse occurs.
3) </span><span>during some lunar eclipses, the moon's appearance changes only slightly, because it passes only through the part of earth's shadow called the -->
Answer: PENUMBRA.
4) </span><span>a ... can occur only when the moon is new and has an angular size larger than the sun in the sky -->
Answer: TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE. When the moon is new, it means it is between the sun and the Earth, and its dark side faces the Earth. If the moon's angular size is also larger than the sun angular size, than it will completely cover the sun, and a total solar eclipse occurs.
5) </span><span>a partial lunar eclipse begins when the moon first touches earth's -->
Answer: SHADOW. The Earth's shadow will start to cover the moon, and partial lunar eclipse will start.
6) </span><span> a point at which the moon crosses earth's orbital plane is called a(n) -->
Answer: NODE. Eclipses occur only when the Moon is at or close to a node, otherwise sun, earth and moon are not "aligned".</span>
Answer:
B. 1500 kg*m/s
Explanation:
Momentum p = m* v
In any type of collision, the total momentum is preserved!
The total momentum before and the total momentum after the collision is the same. We know the mass and speed after the collision so we can calculate the total momentum.
p1 + p2 =
m1*v1 + m2*v2
m1 = me = 300 kg
v1 = 3 m/s
v2 = 2 m/s
Substitute the given numbers:
300*3 + 300+2
900 + 600
1500 kg*m/s, which is answer B.
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To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the kinematic equations of angular motion.
Torque from the rotational movement is defined as
where
I = Moment of inertia 
For a disk
Angular acceleration
The angular acceleration at the same time can be defined as function of angular velocity and angular displacement (Without considering time) through the expression:
Where
Final and Initial Angular velocity
Angular acceleration
Angular displacement
Our values are given as
Using the expression of angular acceleration we can find the to then find the torque, that is,
With the expression of the acceleration found it is now necessary to replace it on the torque equation and the respective moment of inertia for the disk, so
Therefore the torque exerted on it is 
The answer that best fits the blank is the term WAXING. The moon is waxing whenever it reaches to the period that its phases are transitioning from new to full. The answer is the first option. This is when it is more that half is illuminated. Hope this helps.
