Using the molecular orbital model, write electron configurations for the following diatomic species and calculate the bond order
s. Which ones are paramagnetic? Place the species in order of increasing bond length and bond energy.
a. CN +
b. CN
c. CN -
a. CN +
b. CN
c. CN -
1 answer:
Answer:
Bond orders
CN- =3
CN+ =2.5
CN =2
CN+ is paramagnetic
The order of increasing bond energy is CN <CN+ <CN-
The order of increasing bond length is CN- <CN+ <CN
Explanation:
The molecular orbital diagram of CN- is shown in the image attached. From that image, it is easy to deduce the bond order of the other related species. Bond length is in the reverse order as bond energy because the shorter the bond, the greater the bond energy. The specie with the highest bond order has the highest bond energy.
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Data Given;
T = 306 K
M.mass of CO = 28 g/mol = 0.028 Kg/mol
M.mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol = 0.044 Kg/mol
M.mass of SO₃ = 80 g/mol = 0.080 Kg/mol
Gas Constant = R = 8.314 J/mol.K
Formula used;
Vrms =
Putting values for CO;
Vrms =
Vrms = 477 m.s⁻¹
Putting values for CO₂;
Vrms =
Vrms = 380 m.s⁻¹
Putting values for SO₃;
Vrms =
Vrms = 282 m.s⁻¹
Kinetic Energy;
K.E = 1/2 mv²
Putting values,
For CO,
K.E = 1/2 (0.028 Kg/mol) (477 m/s)²
K.E = 1/2 (0.028 Kg) (227529 m²/s²)
K.E = 3185 Kg.m².s⁻²
For CO₂,
K.E = 1/2 (0.044 Kg/mol) (380 m/s)²
K.E = 1/2 (0.044Kg) (144400 m²/s²)
K.E = 3176 Kg.m².s⁻²
For SO₃,
K.E = 1/2 (0.080 Kg/mol) (282 m/s)²
K.E = 1/2 (0.080 Kg) (79524 m²/s²)
K.E = 3180 Kg.m².s⁻²
T = 306 K
M.mass of CO = 28 g/mol = 0.028 Kg/mol
M.mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol = 0.044 Kg/mol
M.mass of SO₃ = 80 g/mol = 0.080 Kg/mol
Gas Constant = R = 8.314 J/mol.K
Formula used;
Vrms =
Putting values for CO;
Vrms =
Vrms = 477 m.s⁻¹
Putting values for CO₂;
Vrms =
Vrms = 380 m.s⁻¹
Putting values for SO₃;
Vrms =
Vrms = 282 m.s⁻¹
Kinetic Energy;
K.E = 1/2 mv²
Putting values,
For CO,
K.E = 1/2 (0.028 Kg/mol) (477 m/s)²
K.E = 1/2 (0.028 Kg) (227529 m²/s²)
K.E = 3185 Kg.m².s⁻²
For CO₂,
K.E = 1/2 (0.044 Kg/mol) (380 m/s)²
K.E = 1/2 (0.044Kg) (144400 m²/s²)
K.E = 3176 Kg.m².s⁻²
For SO₃,
K.E = 1/2 (0.080 Kg/mol) (282 m/s)²
K.E = 1/2 (0.080 Kg) (79524 m²/s²)
K.E = 3180 Kg.m².s⁻²