Okay, to explain this you might have to grab a periodic table.
Do you have one? Good. Look at the most left side of the periodic table. The first group is the largest atoms in the periodic table. If you go to the right of the periodic table, the atoms get progressively smaller and smaller.
Why is this? Don't atoms get more electrons, and so become significantly bigger as they move to the right?
Although atoms do get more electrons as they go to the right, they also get more protons too. Protons pull on electrons and make atoms smaller. Because of this, going from left to right in a periodic table makes the atoms smaller and smaller, since more and more protons are added.
In this scenario, Aluminum is more to the right than Sodium, which means that it has more protons. Because of this, the protons in Aluminum pull more strongly on electrons than sodium, thus making aluminum smaller.
(Just a side note, going down in a periodic table makes the atoms bigger, since new shells are added every time)
Good luck! If you need any help, just ask :))
-T.B.
Answer and Explanation:
At constant pressure and constant temperature, the Gibbs free energy of a process is given by the following equation:
ΔG= ΔH - T ΔS
The process is spontaneous when ΔG<0. For this, there are four alternatives depending on the signs of ΔH and ΔS and the temperature (T):
1) ΔH negative, ΔS positive ⇒ b)The reaction will be spontaneous at all temperatures.
ΔG= (-H) - T (+S) ⇒ ΔG<0 always
2) ΔH positive, ΔS negative ⇒ c)The reaction will be nonspontaneous at all temperatures.
ΔG= (+H) - T (-S) ⇒ ΔG>0 always
3) ΔH negative, ΔS negative ⇒ d)The reaction will be spontaneous at low temperature, but nonspontaneous at high temperature.
ΔG= (-H) - T (-S) ⇒ ΔG<0 if TΔS is lower than ΔH, because is the positive term
4)ΔH positive, ΔS positive ⇒ a)The reaction will be nonspontaneous at low temperature, but spontaneous at high temperature.
ΔG= (+H) - T (+S) ⇒ ΔG<0 if TΔS higher than ΔH because is the negative term
Answer:
Heat of vaporization.
Explanation:
the amount of energy needed to change the specific amount or gram of liquid in to gas phase is called heat of vaporization.
In this liquid is converted into gas phase as because after the boiling point addition of more energy will cause breakage of bonds present in between the liquid molecules which results in the vaporization of liquid.
Answer:
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