Answer:
M = 0.730*m
V = 0.663*v
Explanation:
Data Given:

Conservation of Momentum:

Energy Balance:

Substitute Eq 2 into Eq 1

Using Eq 1

 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
83.6°
Explanation:
For the ray to be totally internally reflected, at the boundary, the angle of refraction is 90. Using the law of refraction where 
n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂ where n₁ = refractive index of prism = 1.5, θ₁ = critical angle in prism, n₂ = refractive index of air = 1 and θ₂ = refractive angle = 90°.
So, substituting these values into the equation,
n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂
1.5 × sinθ₁ = 1 × sin90
1.5 × sinθ₁  = 1
sinθ₁ = 1/1.5
sinθ₁ = 0.6667
θ₁  = sin*(0.6667)
θ₁  = 41.8°
So, for total internal reflection, an incidence angle of 41.8° is required. So, a full convergence angle of 2 × 41.8° = 83.6° is required for the whole bundle of rays.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Volumetric cylinders and volumetric flasks