Question

A teacher carried out a class demonstration on

Answer 1

One of the hydrogens in the NH3 is replaced in the first reaction by the methyl group, or -CH3. The NH3 can have more than one H substituted for it, therefore the final product frequently comprises a blend of methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine.

A halogenoalkane and ethanolic ammonia can be used in a nucleophilic substitution process to produce primary aliphatic amines like methylamine (CH3NH2).

NH3 + CH3Cl = HCl + CH3NH2

The process is challenging because any unreacted ammonia can react with the generated HCl:

NH3+HCl yields NH4Cl.

Since the N in CH3NH2 still has a single pair of electrons, it can act as a base and interact with the HCl that is created in one of the following ways:

CH3NH2+HCl becomes CH3NH3+Cl.

or as a nucleophile and react with any chloromethane that hasn't been reacted:

(CH3)2NH + HCl = CH3NH2 + CH3Cl

Learn more about nucleophilic substitution here-

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