To find 
we need to use vector addition and use the x and y components. First we subtract vector 2 from vector 5 which results in a vector with a length of 3 pointing directly east, then we use the distance formula to find the length of the net force 
which gives 
. We now have a magnitude but we also need a direction, since vector 4 and vector 5 are perpendicular. Using 
where tan^-1(y/x) we get an angle of 53 degrees. The resultant force vector is 5 distance with an angle of 53 degrees north east.
The main advantage of an electromagnet over a permanent magnet is that the magnetic field can be quickly changed by controlling the amount of electric current in the winding. However, unlike a permanent magnet that needs no power, an electromagnet requires a continuous supply of current to maintain the magnetic field.
